糖尿病并发症及风险

The effect diabetes has on the body happens slowly and can often progress without notice. 随着沙巴足球体育平台的推移, having too much glucose (sugar) in the blood can damage a number of organs. These are often referred to as “complications” of diabetes.

If you have been told you have prediabetes, you can take important healthy steps now to reduce your risk of developing a number of health problems:

心脏和血管损伤

2型糖尿病 can increase your risk of developing complications, 比如心血管疾病, 动脉粥样硬化, 中风, peripheral artery disease and chronic kidney disease.

神经损伤

随着沙巴足球体育平台的推移, high blood sugar levels can damage nerves, a condition called diabetic neuropathy. This can lead to numbness in the fingers, 手, 脚趾和脚或刺痛, 燃烧, or shooting pains that usually begins at the fingers or toes and spread upwards. Symptoms of this nerve damage can also include vomiting, 腹泻, 便秘, 性功能问题, 头晕, 还有其他症状.

肾脏损害

The kidneys filter about a half cup of blood every minute, removing wastes and extra fluid from your body. 随着沙巴足球体育平台的推移, diabetes can damage your kidneys so they stop working effectively, requiring dialysis or a transplant. Dialysis is a procedure that removes waste products and excess fluid from the blood.

眼损伤

People with diabetes may have damage to the blood vessels and lenses in their eyes due to the high blood sugar levels. This can cause diseases such as glaucoma and cataracts and can lead to blindness.

脚损坏

Feet are also at risk of nerve and blood vessel damage from prolonged high blood sugar. This damage causes numbness, tingling, pain or a loss of feeling in the feet. Minor cuts and blisters can lead to ulcers, infections and amputations in serious cases.

皮肤及口腔状况

糖尿病 may increase the risk of skin infections, mouth infections and gum disease.

骨质疏松症

People with Type 1 diabetes have a high risk of osteoporosis. 骨质疏松症 is a disease that causes your bones to become weak and brittle, making them more prone to fracture.

阿尔茨海默病和痴呆症

Poor blood sugar control appears to have some effect on the risk of developing 阿尔茨海默病和痴呆症 later in life. The reasons why are still being investigated, but we know brain cells are fueled by glucose. When the cells can’t access the fuel they need, the brain cells may become damaged.

Although the list of diabetes-related problems is lengthy, it’s important to realize these problems mainly occur when diabetes is left untreated.

The good news is that diabetes can be managed and is often preventable. By adopting a 健康的生活方式 and treating all related conditions, most people with diabetes can postpone these problems or avoid them all together.

If you have diabetes, you may be able to avoid or delay other health complications by:

• Working with your health care team to manage the disease, which may include the use of medications.
• 了解你的数字, including your blood sugar, weight, blood cholesterol and blood pressure.
• 采用一种 健康的生活方式.